Uber Technologies, Inc.; Analysis To Aid Public Comment |
|---|
|
Donald S. Clark
Federal Trade Commission
21 August 2017
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 160 (Monday, August 21, 2017)]
[Notices]
[Pages 39582-39584]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-17526]
[[Page 39582]]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
[File No. 152 3054]
Uber Technologies, Inc.; Analysis To Aid Public Comment
AGENCY: Federal Trade Commission.
ACTION: Proposed consent agreement.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The consent agreement in this matter settles alleged
violations of federal law prohibiting unfair or deceptive acts or
practices. The attached Analysis to Aid Public Comment describes both
the allegations in the complaint and the terms of the consent order--
embodied in the consent agreement--that would settle these allegations.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before September 15, 2017.
ADDRESSES: Interested parties may file a comment online or on paper, by
following the instructions in the Request for Comment part of the
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section below. Write: ``In the Matter of Uber
Technologies, Inc., File No. 152-3054'' on your comment, and file your
comment online at https://ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/ubertechconsent by following the instructions on the web-based form. If
you prefer to file your comment on paper, write ``In the Matter of Uber
Technologies, Inc., File No. 152-3054'' on your comment and on the
envelope, and mail your comment to the following address: Federal Trade
Commission, Office of the Secretary, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Suite
CC-5610 (Annex D), Washington, DC 20580, or deliver your comment to the
following address: Federal Trade Commission, Office of the Secretary,
Constitution Center, 400 7th Street SW., 5th Floor, Suite 5610 (Annex
D), Washington, DC 20024.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ben Rossen (202-326-3679) and James
Trilling (202-326-3497), Bureau of Consumer Protection, 600
Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20580.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant to Section 6(f) of the Federal
Trade Commission Act, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and FTC Rule 2.34, 16 CFR 2.34,
notice is hereby given that the above-captioned consent agreement
containing a consent order to cease and desist, having been filed with
and accepted, subject to final approval, by the Commission, has been
placed on the public record for a period of thirty (30) days. The
following Analysis to Aid Public Comment describes the terms of the
consent agreement, and the allegations in the complaint. An electronic
copy of the full text of the consent agreement package can be obtained
from the FTC Home Page (for August 15, 2017), on the World Wide Web, at
https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/commission-actions.
You can file a comment online or on paper. For the Commission to
consider your comment, we must receive it on or before September 15,
2017. Write ``In the Matter of Uber Technologies, Inc., File No. 152-
3054'' on your comment. Your comment--including your name and your
state--will be placed on the public record of this proceeding,
including, to the extent practicable, on the public Commission Web
site, at https://www.ftc.gov/policy/public-comments.
Postal mail addressed to the Commission is subject to delay due to
heightened security screening. As a result, we encourage you to submit
your comments online. To make sure that the Commission considers your
online comment, you must file it at https://ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/ubertechconsent by following the instructions on the web-based
form. If this Notice appears at http://www.regulations.gov/#!home, you
also may file a comment through that Web site.
If you prefer to file your comment on paper, write ``In the Matter
of Uber Technologies, Inc., File No. 152-3054'' on your comment and on
the envelope, and mail your comment to the following address: Federal
Trade Commission, Office of the Secretary, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW.,
Suite CC-5610 (Annex D), Washington, DC 20580, or deliver your comment
to the following address: Federal Trade Commission, Office of the
Secretary, Constitution Center, 400 7th Street SW., 5th Floor, Suite
5610 (Annex D), Washington, DC 20024. If possible, submit your paper
comment to the Commission by courier or overnight service.
Because your comment will be placed on the publicly accessible FTC
Web site at https://www.ftc.gov, you are solely responsible for making
sure that your comment does not include any sensitive or confidential
information. In particular, your comment should not include any
sensitive personal information, such as your or anyone else's Social
Security number; date of birth; driver's license number or other state
identification number, or foreign country equivalent; passport number;
financial account number; or credit or debit card number. You are also
solely responsible for making sure that your comment does not include
any sensitive health information, such as medical records or other
individually identifiable health information. In addition, your comment
should not include any ``trade secret or any commercial or financial
information which . . . is privileged or confidential''--as provided by
Section 6(f) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and FTC Rule 4.10(a)(2),
16 CFR 4.10(a)(2)--including in particular competitively sensitive
information such as costs, sales statistics, inventories, formulas,
patterns, devices, manufacturing processes, or customer names.
Comments containing material for which confidential treatment is
requested must be filed in paper form, must be clearly labeled
``Confidential,'' and must comply with FTC Rule 4.9(c). In particular,
the written request for confidential treatment that accompanies the
comment must include the factual and legal basis for the request, and
must identify the specific portions of the comment to be withheld from
the public record. See FTC Rule 4.9(c). Your comment will be kept
confidential only if the General Counsel grants your request in
accordance with the law and the public interest. Once your comment has
been posted on the public FTC Web site--as legally required by FTC Rule
4.9(b)--we cannot redact or remove your comment from the FTC Web site,
unless you submit a confidentiality request that meets the requirements
for such treatment under FTC Rule 4.9(c), and the General Counsel
grants that request.
Visit the FTC Web site at http://www.ftc.gov to read this Notice
and the news release describing it. The FTC Act and other laws that the
Commission administers permit the collection of public comments to
consider and use in this proceeding, as appropriate. The Commission
will consider all timely and responsive public comments that it
receives on or before September 15, 2017. For information on the
Commission's privacy policy, including routine uses permitted by the
Privacy Act, see https://www.ftc.gov/site-information/privacy-policy.
Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Order To Aid Public Comment
The Federal Trade Commission has accepted, subject to final
approval, an agreement containing a consent order from Uber
Technologies, Inc. (``Uber'').
The proposed consent order has been placed on the public record for
thirty (30) days for receipt of comments by interested persons.
Comments received during this period will become part of the public
record. After thirty (30) days, the Commission again will review the
agreement and the comments received
[[Page 39583]]
and will decide whether it should withdraw from the agreement or make
final the agreement's proposed order.
Since 2010, Uber has operated a mobile application (the ``App'')
that connects consumers who are transportation providers (``Drivers'')
with consumers seeking those services (``Riders''). Riders book
transportation or delivery services through a publicly-available
version of the App that can be downloaded to a smartphone. When a Rider
requests transportation through the App, the request is conveyed to a
nearby Uber Driver signed into the App.
Drivers are consumers who use the App to determine which ride
requests they will accept. Uber collects a variety of personal
information from Drivers, including names, email addresses, phone
numbers, postal addresses, Social Security numbers, driver's license
numbers, bank account information, vehicle registration information,
and insurance information. With respect to Riders, Uber collects names,
email addresses, postal addresses, and detailed trip records with
precise geolocation information, among other things.
In November 2014, Uber was the subject of various news reports
describing improper access and use of consumer personal information,
including geolocation information, by Uber employees. One article
reported that an Uber executive had suggested that Uber should hire
``opposition researchers'' to look into the ``personal lives'' of
journalists who criticized Uber's practices. Another article described
an aerial tracking tool known as ``God View'' that displayed the
personal information of Riders using Uber's services. These reports led
to considerable consumer uproar and calls by consumers to stop using
Uber's services. In an effort to respond to consumer concerns, Uber
issued a statement describing its policies concerning access to Rider
and Driver data. As part of that statement, Uber promised that all
``access to rider and driver accounts is being closely monitored and
audited by data security specialists on an ongoing basis, and any
violations of the policy will result in disciplinary action, including
the possibility of termination and legal action.''
As alleged in the proposed complaint, Uber has not monitored or
audited its employees' access to Rider and Driver personal information
on an ongoing basis since November 2014. In fact, between approximately
August 2015 and May 2016, Uber did not timely follow up on automated
alerts concerning the potential misuse of consumer personal
information, and for approximately the first six months of this period
only monitored access to account information belonging to a set of
internal high-profile users, such as Uber executives. During this time,
Uber did not otherwise monitor internal access to personal information
unless an employee specifically reported that a co-worker had engaged
in improper access. The proposed complaint alleges that Uber's
representation that it closely monitored and audited internal access to
consumers' personal information was false or misleading in violation of
Section 5 of the FTC Act in light of Uber's subsequent failure to
monitor and audit such access between August 2015 and May 2016.
The proposed complaint also alleges that Uber failed to provide
reasonable security for consumer information stored in a third-party
cloud storage service provided by Amazon Web Services (``AWS'') called
the Amazon Simple Storage Service (the ``Amazon S3 Datastore''). Uber
stores a variety of files in the Amazon S3 Datastore that contain
sensitive personal information, including full and partial back-ups of
Uber databases. These back-ups contain a broad range of Rider and
Driver personal information, including, among other things, names,
email addresses, phone numbers, driver's license numbers and trip
records with precise geolocation information.
From July 13, 2013 to July 15, 2015, Uber's privacy policy
described the security measures Uber used to protect the personal
information it collected from consumers, stating that such information
``is securely stored within our databases, and we use standard,
industry-wide commercially reasonable security practices such as
encryption, firewalls and SSL (Secure Socket Layers) for protecting
your information--such as any portions of your credit card number which
we retain . . . and geo-location information.'' Additionally, Uber's
customer service representatives offered assurances about the strength
of Uber's security practices to consumers who were reluctant to submit
personal information to Uber.
As described below, the proposed complaint alleges that the above
statements violated Section 5 of the FTC Act because Uber engaged in a
number of practices that, taken together, failed to provide reasonable
security to prevent unauthorized access to Rider and Driver personal
information in the Amazon S3 Datastore. Specifically, Uber allegedly:
Until approximately September 2014, failed to implement
reasonable access controls to safeguard data stored in the Amazon S3
Datastore. For example, Uber (1) permitted engineers to access the
Amazon S3 Datastore with a single, shared AWS access key that provided
full administrative privileges over all data stored there; (2) failed
to restrict access to systems based on employees' job functions; and
(3) failed to require multi-factor authentication for access to the
Amazon S3 Datastore;
Until approximately September 2014, failed to implement
reasonable security training and guidance;
Until approximately September 2014, failed to have a
written information security program; and
Until approximately March 2015, stored sensitive personal
information in the Amazon S3 Datastore in clear, readable text, rather
than encrypting the information.
As a result of these failures, on or about May 12, 2014, an
intruder was able to gain access to Uber's Amazon S3 Datastore using an
access key that one of Uber's engineers had posted to GitHub, a code-
sharing site used by software developers. This key was publicly posted
and granted full administrative privileges to all data and documents
stored within Uber's Amazon S3 Datastore. The intruder accessed one
file that contained sensitive personal information belonging to Uber
Drivers, including over 100,000 unencrypted names and driver's license
numbers, 215 unencrypted names and bank account and domestic routing
numbers, and 84 unencrypted names and Social Security numbers. Uber did
not discover the breach until September 2014, at which time Uber took
steps to prevent further unauthorized access.
The proposed consent order contains provisions designed to prevent
Uber from engaging in similar acts and practices in the future.
Part I of the proposed order prohibits Uber from making any
misrepresentations about the extent to which Uber monitors or audits
internal access to consumers' Personal Information or the extent to
which Uber protects the privacy, confidentiality, security, or
integrity of consumers' Personal Information.
Part II of the proposed order requires Uber to implement a mandated
comprehensive privacy program that is reasonably designed to (1)
address privacy risks related to the development and management of new
and existing products and services for consumers, and (2) protect the
privacy and confidentiality of consumers' personal information.
[[Page 39584]]
Part III of the proposed order requires Uber to undergo biennial
assessments of its mandated privacy program by a third party.
Parts IV through VIII of the proposed order are reporting and
compliance provisions. Part IV requires dissemination of the order now
and in the future to all current and future principals, officers,
directors, and managers, and to persons with managerial or supervisory
responsibilities relating to the subject matter of the order. Part V
mandates that Uber submit a compliance report to the FTC one year after
issuance of the order and submit additional notices as specified. Parts
VI and VII require Uber to retain documents relating to its compliance
with the order, and to provide such additional information or documents
necessary for the Commission to monitor compliance. Part VIII states
that the Order will remain in effect for 20 years.
The purpose of this analysis is to aid public comment on the
proposed order. It is not intended to constitute an official
interpretation of the complaint or proposed order, or to modify in any
way the proposed order's terms.
By direction of the Commission.
Donald S. Clark,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017-17526 Filed 8-18-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6750-01-P